Xa izinto ezimbini zingqubana, isiphumo sibonakala ngokwasemzimbeni kuphela. Oku kusebenza nokuba yimoto ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu kwindlela enkulu, ibhola yebhiliyadi eqengqeleka etafileni yefelti, okanye umgijimi ongqubana nomhlaba ngesantya samanyathelo ali-180 ngomzuzu.
Iimpawu ezithile zokudibana komhlaba neenyawo zombaleki zimisela isantya sokubaleka komgijimi, kodwa uninzi lwabagijimi alufane luchithe ixesha lufunda "indlela abaqhuba ngayo ukungqubana". Abagijimi banikela ingqalelo kwiikhilomitha zabo zeveki, umgama omde wokubaleka, isantya sokubaleka, isantya sentliziyo, ulwakhiwo loqeqesho lwexesha, njl.njl., kodwa badla ngokungayinaki into yokuba amandla okubaleka axhomekeke kumgangatho wokunxibelelana phakathi komgijimi nomhlaba, kwaye iziphumo zazo zonke iindlela abadibana ngazo zixhomekeke kwi-Angle apho izinto zidibana khona. Abantu bayayiqonda le migaqo xa bedlala iibhiliyadi, kodwa badla ngokungayinaki xa bebaleka. Ngokwesiqhelo abanikeli ngqalelo konke konke kwii-engile apho imilenze neenyawo zabo zidibana khona nomhlaba, nangona ezinye ii-engile zinxulumene kakhulu nokwandisa amandla okuqhubeleka kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala, ngelixa ezinye zivelisa amandla ongezelelweyo okubhuleka kwaye zonyusa amathuba okwenzakala.
Abantu babaleka ngendlela yabo yendalo kwaye bakholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba le yeyona ndlela yokubaleka ilungileyo. Uninzi lwabagijimi alubalulekanga kwindawo yokusetyenziswa kwamandla xa bedibana nomhlaba (nokuba bachukumise umhlaba ngesithende, umphantsi wonyawo lonke okanye unyawo lwangaphambili). Nokuba bakhetha indawo engalunganga yokunxibelelana eyonyusa amandla okuqhobosha kunye nomngcipheko wokwenzakala, basavelisa amandla amakhulu ngemilenze yabo. Bambalwa abagijimi abacinga ngobunzima bemilenze yabo xa bechukumisa umhlaba, nangona ubunzima bunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwindlela yamandla okubetha. Umzekelo, xa umhlaba uqina, kokukhona amandla adluliselwa emilenzeni yomgijimi emva kokuba ebethekile. Xa ubunzima bemilenze bukhula, kokukhona amandla angaphambili eveliswa xa etyhalelwa emhlabeni.
Ngokunika ingqalelo kwizinto ezifana nokudibana komhlaba I-engile yemilenze neenyawo, indawo yokudibana, kunye nobunzima bemilenze, imeko yokudibana phakathi komgijimi nomhlaba inokuqikelelwa kwaye iphindaphindwe. Ngaphezu koko, ekubeni kungekho mgijimi (kwano-Usain Bolt) onokuhamba ngesantya sokukhanya, imithetho kaNewton yokuhamba isebenza kwisiphumo sokudibana nokuba umthamo woqeqesho lomgijimi, isantya sentliziyo okanye amandla akhe okujikeleza umzimba.
Ngokwembono yamandla okubethelela kunye nesantya sokubaleka, umthetho wesithathu kaNewton ubaluleke kakhulu: uyasixelela. Ukuba umlenze wombaleki uthe tye xa uchukumisa umhlaba kwaye unyawo luphambi komzimba, olu nyawo luya kuchukumisa umhlaba phambili nasezantsi, ngelixa umhlaba uya kutyhala umlenze nomzimba wombaleki phezulu nangasemva.
Kanye njengokuba uNewton watshoyo, “Onke amandla anamandla okusabela alinganayo ngobukhulu kodwa achaseneyo.” Kule meko, icala lamandla okusabela lichasene ngqo necala lentshukumo elilindele ukuba umgijimi alifumane. Ngamanye amazwi, umgijimi ufuna ukuya phambili, kodwa amandla enziwe emva kokuba edibene nomhlaba aya kumtyhalela phezulu nangasemva (njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi).
Xa imbaleki ichukumisa umhlaba ngesithende kwaye unyawo luphambi komzimba, icala lamandla okuqala okubetha (kunye namandla okutyhala avelayo) liphezulu nangasemva, nto leyo ekude kakhulu kwicala elilindelekileyo lokuhamba kombaleki.
Xa umgijimi echukumisa umhlaba kumlenze ongalunganga i-Angle, umthetho kaNewton uthi amandla avelisiweyo akufuneki abe semgangathweni, kwaye umgijimi akanakuze afikelele kwisantya sokubaleka esikhawulezayo. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba abagijimi bafunde ukusebenzisa i-Angle yokuthinta umhlaba echanekileyo, eyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yepateni yokubaleka echanekileyo.
I-Angle ephambili ekudibaneni komhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi-"tibial Angle", emiselwa liqondo le-Angle eyenziwe phakathi kwe-tibia nomhlaba xa unyawo luqala ukuchukumisa umhlaba. Ixesha elichanekileyo lokulinganisa i-Angle ye-tibial kuxa unyawo luqala ukuqhagamshelana nomhlaba. Ukuze kuchongwe i-Angle ye-tibia, kufuneka kutsalwe umgca othe tye ohambelana ne-tibia uqala embindini wedolo uze ukhokelele emhlabeni. Omnye umgca uqala kwindawo yokudibana komgca ohambelana ne-tibia nomhlaba uze utsalwe ngqo phambili emhlabeni. Emva koko thabatha ama-90 degrees kule Angle ukuze ufumane i-Angle ye-tibial yokwenyani, eliqondo le-Angle eyenziwe phakathi kwe-tibia kwindawo yokudibana kunye nomgca othe tye othe nkqo emhlabeni.
Umzekelo, ukuba i-Angle ephakathi komhlaba kunye ne-tibia xa unyawo luqala ukuchukumisa umhlaba yi-100 degrees (njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi), ngoko i-Angle yokwenyani ye-tibia yi-10 degrees (100 degrees ngaphandle kwe-90 degrees). Khumbula, i-Angle ye-tibial ngokwenene liqondo le-Angle phakathi komgca othe tye othe nkqo emhlabeni kwindawo yokudibana kunye ne-tibia.
I-Angle ye-tibial liqondo le-Angle eyenziwe phakathi kwe-tibia kwindawo yokudibana kunye nomgca othe tye othe nkqo emhlabeni. I-Angle ye-tibial ingaba yi-positive, zero okanye negative. Ukuba i-tibia ithambekela phambili ukusuka kwi-joint yedolo xa unyawo ludibana nomhlaba, i-Angle ye-tibial i-positive (njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi).
Ukuba i-tibia imile ngokuthe nkqo emhlabeni xa unyawo luchukumisa umhlaba, i-Angle ye-tibial ayibonakali (njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi).
Ukuba i-tibia ithambekela phambili ukusuka kwi-knee joint xa ichukumisa umhlaba, i-tibial Angle ilungile. Xa ichukumisa umhlaba, i-tibial Angle ingama--6 degrees (84 degrees minus 90 degrees) (njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi), kwaye umgijimi angawa phambili xa echukumisa umhlaba. Ukuba i-tibia ithambekela ngasemva ukusuka kwi-knee joint xa ichukumisa umhlaba, i-tibial Angle ilungile.
Sele nditshilo kangangoku, ngaba uziqondile izinto ezikwiphethini yokubaleka?
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-22-2025